Fundamentals of Nanotechnology: An Advanced Tutorial

Fundamentals of Nanotechnology: An Advanced Tutorial

I. What is Nanotechnology? (Lecture #1) -- 4
A. Nano- & Micro-lithography: â€œTop-Down Nanotechnologyâ€
B. Molecular/Chemical Nanotechnology: â€œSelf-Assemblyâ€
C. Unique Properties of Nanomaterials
D. Where are the Career Areas?
E. Nanostructures in Nature
F. About the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network (NNIN)
G. The state of Nanotechnology
H. Science at the nano-scale
I. Approaches of Nanotechnology
J. Opportunities and risks of Nanotechnologies

II. Applications of Nanotechnology (Lecture #2) --74
A. Nanomedicine Based on Nanoparticles and Nanotechnological
B. Nanoscience for Biosensing
C. Elements of nanoelectronics
D. Textiles
E. Nanotechnology in Sports
F. Gold Nanostructures
G. The Age of Nanorobotics
Appendix -- 197
(NASA Institute of Advanced Concepts (NIAC) Phase II Grant, September 2004)

The most common working definition of nanoscience is: â€˜Nanoscience is the study of phenomena and manipulation of materials at atomic, molecular and macromolecular scales, where properties differ significantly from those at a larger scaleâ€™ (1). Bulk materials (the â€˜bigâ€™ pieces of materials we see around us) possess continuous (macroscopic) physical properties. The same applies to micron-sized materials (e.g. a grain of sand). But when particles assume nanoscale dimensions, the principles of classic physics are no longer capable of describing their behavior (movement, energy, etc.): at these dimensions, the principles of quantum mechanics principles. The same material (e.g., gold) at the nanoscale can have properties (e.g., optical, mechanical and electrical) which are very different from (and even opposite to!) the properties the material has at the macroscale (bulk). Nanotechnologies are defined thus: â€˜Nanotechnologies are the design, characterization, production and application of structures, devices and systems by controlling shape and size at the nanometer scale.â€™

In the first lecture of this tutorial, we will discuss these definitions and their meaning, starting with what is meant by the â€˜nanometer scaleâ€™ and nanomaterials. Also discussed are the processes used to manufacture specific structures such as nanorobots and nanotubes.

The second lecture discusses the application of nanoscience to â€˜practicalâ€™ devices, resulting in nanotechnologies. Nanotechnologies are based on the manipulation, control and integration of atoms and molecules to form materials, structures, components, devices and systems at the nanoscale. Nanotechnologies are the application of nanoscience especially to industrial and commercial objectives. All industrial sectors rely on materials and devices made of atoms and molecules thus, in principle, all materials can be improved with nanomaterials, and all industries can benefit from nanotechnologies. In reality, as with any new technology, the â€˜cost versus added benefitâ€™ relationship will determine the industrial sectors that will mostly benefit from nanotechnologies.

Also discussed are the scientifically-perceived dangers and benefits of the emerging technology. Overall, the scientific community agrees that progress has been made in the toxicological evaluation of nanomaterials. There is still much research to be done, but some key matrices have been identif ied â€” for example that surface area is a more important parameter than mass when dealing with engineered nanoparticles, and some targets and common behaviours have been also identified. The question is now how to make a risk assessment framework from these data, how to convert scattered numbers collected in numerous laboratories around the world into a risk management strategy for the safe handling of nanomaterials.
(Tutorial)
For details:
https://www.facebook.com/cyberpressusa/

Country	USA
Author	George Haynes
Binding	Kindle Edition
Format	Kindle eBook
IsAdultProduct
Label	Cyber Press
Manufacturer	Cyber Press
PublicationDate	2016-10-05
Publisher	Cyber Press
ReleaseDate	2016-10-05
Studio	Cyber Press

Fundamentals of Nanotechnology: An Advanced Tutorial

You might also like...